With varicose veins, venous walls due to various factors lose elasticity, elasticity.Also, the disease can be triggered by a violation of the integrity of the valve of blood vessels, which increases the pressure with the subsequent stagnation of blood of the subcutaneous vessels and veins.
General information about varicose veins
In this material, we will figure out what provoke the emergence of the expansion of the veins of the lower extremities, what it is, which to effectively get rid of the violation and return the beautiful appearance to the legs.
According to doctors, the main reason is a genetic predisposition.
If parents, grandparents had such violations, descendants can hurt this disease.
This risk factor cannot be excluded when the disease is diagnosed.It does not matter whether veins and vessels of the legs or inguinal vein, anal vessels were expanded.If at least one relative had a pathology of the subcutaneous vein in the lower extremities, sooner or later the descendants may have a manifestation of symptoms.
Particular attention should be paid to prevention, to exclude possible risk factors, then even the weakened vein of the legs will not be stretched and will not lose elasticity.It is necessary to provide appropriate to the legs of the legs, so as not to be subjected to any of the factors of the occurrence of the expansion of veins.
The main methods of prevention are a mobile lifestyle, moderate physical exertion, infrequently wearing a high heel, and if the slightest symptoms are detected, it is necessary to check with a doctor, because even the slightest problems can cause a serious pathology.
Symptoms of varicose veins
Varicose disease, which affects the veins of the lower extremities, is classified in international practice in stages, based on the neglect of pathology and severity of manifestation.Each stage is diagnosed separately, all of them are characterized by various symptoms, based on which the treatment method is selected.
So, symptoms that are a sign of varicose veins at different stages:
- In the first stage, the subcutaneous veins in the lower extremities have a barely noticeable pattern and protrude a little above the skin, small rednesses are noticeable.There are complaints to the doctor about the severity in the legs, evening edema after a hard day.Excessively close shoes can be the reason for the edges on the legs in the ankle, also convulsions are possible.It should be noted that often painful sensations can appear much earlier than visible signs;
- In the second stage, there is already a typical appearance for patients with veins on the legs: they are significantly visible above the skin and tangible with fingers, look like nodes or beads.With progression, the subcutaneous vein of the lower limb becomes visible and acquires the winding forms of a dark blue or even black shade;
- In the third stage, varicose veins are complicated, such signs as trophic changes in veins on the legs are observed, the skin becomes overdried and pale, daily edema, convulsions.Often, the symptoms are manifested in the fact that the legs are covered with a rash, the skin itchs and itches;
- Symptoms at the fourth, most severe stage are the inflammatory processes of the subcutaneous veins of the lower limb, the non -healing trophic ulcers, which are already difficult to treat.The key feature of this stage of diseases is the addition of secondary infection and thrombophlebitis.With these manifestations, urgent hospitalization is necessary to the hospital, the integrated use of methods of treating the whole organism.
Experts highlight key risk factors:
- hereditary diseases associated with varicose veins in different parts of the body;
- Hormonal disorders can increase blood coagulation, a decrease in the elasticity of veins on the legs;
- obesity, ascites, which increases the load on the feet, is accompanied by the expansion of the walls of the veins;
- pregnancy or lifting heavy objects increase the pressure inside the abdominal cavity, which also helps to weaken the vascular walls and varicose veins;
- lack of load on the legs, inactive work is fraught with expansion of veins on the legs;
- Close linen, smaller shoes, which squeezes the vein, wearing heels, which causes the blood circulation of veins on the legs;
- Varicose veins are often caused by kidney disease or cardiovascular system, which causes swelling, is observed in the expansion of the veins of the lower extremities.
Diagnosis of varicose veins: features and procedures
The main methods that implies the diagnosis of varicose veins of the legs are:
- External examination of varicose veins of the legs, which should be conducted by qualified doctors in the hospital;
- Ultrasound dopplerometry, which allows you to identify the seals of the walls in the veins of the lower extremities.Such diagnostics allows you to unambiguously determine the stage of violation;
- The duplex scanning of veins on the legs, which is performed by the doctor of the profile clinic, allows you to clearly identify varicose failure.This method combining ultrasound and Doppler study can be checked what is happening with the veins: blood circulation rate, legs diameter, valves functioning and condition that characterize varicose veins;
- A phleboscintic study that allows with high accuracy to analyze and even at the initial stage find out about the varicose expansion of veins of the legs and take timely preventive measures.It is carried out by the introduction of a subcutaneously special coloring substance, such a liquid in Vienna is released on the monitor with a contrasting color;
- Occlusive Platymography;
- Using the tomographic diagnosis of diseases (MRI, computed tomography), complications that accompany varicose veins can be detected;
- Bint or harness samples for the diagnosis of diseases is used in the complex as an additional of various methods to determine the stage of varicose veins.
The decoding of the results of the diagnosis of varicose veins, as a rule, does not require much time.Most procedures take from 10 to 40 minutes, after which the attending physician is voiced by the diagnosis based on the information received.Diagnosis should only be trusted by an experienced doctor of the clinic who can make a clear and unmistakable diagnosis, because treatment at different stages involves different methods, treatment principles, drugs.
Doctors involved in the treatment of the disease
Varicose veins of the legs requires a qualified integrated approach, therefore it should be carried out in a profile clinic.Patients who are interested in the question of which doctor treats violations in the veins of the lower extremities, the answer is unequivocal-this is a phlebologist.A narrow specialist conducts examinations, on their basis prescribes effective methods of treatment or surgical intervention at the neglected stages of varicose veins of the legs.
Patients who were disappointed in general specialization doctors need to contact such a disease to a narrow -profile phlebologist who treats the cause of the disease directly and helps to overcome the disease without severe consequences for the whole organism.
Methods of treatment
For patients who are interested in how to treat varicose veins at different stages, we give a list of effective methods that help solve the problem.Treatment, depending on indications, is divided into non -surgical methods and surgery, which is used if problems with blood vessels and legs have reached a maximum.Treatment is prescribed only after analyzes and examination are carried out.
In the treatment of non -surgical methods, the following are used:
- Taking drugs responsible for increasing the tone of the venous walls.Medications do not remove the causes of the disease, but only prevent the manifestation of a certain symptom such as severity in the legs, swelling;
- The use of heparin -containing ointments, which also relieve symptoms and help get rid of unpleasant sensations;
- If the patient has a risk of blood clots, prevention in the form of coagulants is prescribed;
- Compression knitwear, which reduces the load on the leg, helps to distribute the load even with active physical activity, does not allow the blood to stagnate.Thanks to wearing compression stockings or tights, the leg does not even feel severity at the end of the day, there is no edema;
- The elimination of symptoms and causes is possible through preventive measures: stabilization of the daily regime, physiotherapy exercises, allowing to relieve stress that falls on the feet during the day, treatment of concomitant health disorders.
Indications for the use of surgical treatment of varicose veins are extensive lesion of veins on both limbs, trophic ulcers, thrombophlebitis, phlebotrombosis and other serious conditions that are not subject to cure for medication.The choice of treatment for the disease of the veins of the lower extremities with the help of surgical intervention is determined by the specific course of the disease, the presence of concomitant health disorders, other pathologies.
Surgical methods for the treatment of varicose veins are::
Sclerotherapy - using the procedure, small vascular stars can be treated, as a result of gluing, the veins are given integrity.During the procedure, a special adhesive is introduced into the vessel, which connects the walls with a small degree of damage.After a while, the stars are absorbed, minor symptoms of manifestation are removed, making the legs attractive.The advantage of this method of treatment is the lack of anesthesia and a short time (the procedure lasts 5-15 minutes);
- Laser coagulation - helps to solder larger vessels subject to damage to the walls.The treatment of local anesthesia is preceded.Then the doctor introduces a lighter in a vein along which a laser beam passes.The radiation heats the venous walls, due to which the vessel is soldering, the spike place is later completely absorbed;
- Radio frequency ablation (coagulation) - the effectiveness of this new method in treatment has already managed to evaluate the doctors.The essence of the procedure lies in the action of high -frequency current on the venous walls from the inside, which allows them to glue;
- Flebectomy - involves the removal of large vessels, the walls of which will no longer return to the tone state.Refers to the radical methods of treating varicose veins on the legs, at which veins are removed, along which no more than 10% of the circulatory occurs.The deep veins are rebuilt to increased blood volumes.The operation is used for a strong release of subcutaneous veins, nodes and pathologies.
After treatment in the clinic, certain precautions must be observed.To reduce the load on the legs and achieve maximum results in the treatment of varicose veins, it is recommended to wear flanic shoes, do not lift heavy objects, wear compression products that the doctor prescribes.
Readings for varicose veins
The most susceptible to the appearance of varicose veins, whose professions are associated with a long stay in a vertical state, as a result of which a significant load on the legs occurs.Such professions include hairdressers, sellers, surgeons.The reasons also lie in the overweight, obesity.Varicosis also occurs in women who constantly wear high -heeled shoes.
Varicose disease involves the use of certain precautions, indications for prevention, which avoid the further development of the disease, help reduce the likelihood of surgical treatment.
These measures include:
- regular examinations in the clinic, it is also necessary to take tests and, if necessary, go through the procedure prescribed by the doctor;
- exclusion of long -term stay on the legs, normalization of the diet;
- Timely treatment measures when making such a diagnosis; the use of anti -varicose linen with varying degrees of compression;
- conducting a healthy lifestyle, rejection of bad habits in the form of smoking and alcohol;
- It is recommended to add foods that contain fiber to the diet;
- Timely elimination of constipation.
These measures will avoid the appearance of varicose veins, and at the first stage will help remove visible signs, prevent the development of pathology and the appearance of significant vascular nodules.
Contraindications for the disease
There are few contraindications for varicose veins, however, they must be strictly observed, especially at the difficult stages of pathology:
- Passivity and sedentary lifestyle.The purpose of the veins is to return the blood through the veins from the limbs to the heart and the lungs, this is ensured by the stable functioning of the valves of the vessels.Varicose veins of the legs occurs with stagnation of blood in the body.Therefore, physical activity is necessary within the framework of the norm;
- Improper nutrition, the use of harmful foods, since with obesity and overweight, blood pressure increases;
- Pregnancy, because when gesturing the child, the load on the limbs increases, the volume of blood in the circulatory system increases;
- Running and intensive physical activity.It is recommended to choose sports without excessive loads, yoga, massage, aquaerobic;
- Hot shower and bath.
With proper legs, the signs and causes of the disease can be left, and moderate physical activity will allow you to return the previous healthy look to the legs, because it is much more expensive and more difficult to get sick and treating pathology than to take preventive measures.