Varicose veins - scourge of modern mankind.But often the treatment of varicose veins, the scheme of which is selected individually, ends successfully.Sometimes the case costs only therapy and medication, but sometimes only surgery saves the situation.What are the ways to get rid of this unpleasant and serious ailment?
Varicose veins - basic information
Varicose veins - a pathological condition characterized by damage to the venous vessels.
The veins have special valves that play the role of peculiar shutters, preventing blood from leaking down (venous blood in the legs flows in the direction from the bottom up).
A failure in the operation of the valve system leads to reflux blood and stagnant phenomena. Due to such processes, veins are weakening, stretching and deformed, unable to cope with the growing blood pressure.
The result of this is a familiar symptom - convex veins on the surface of the skin, which indicates the dynamic development of pathology.
All the insidiousness of the disease is that at the initial stages it manifests itself as ordinary fatigue and severity in the legs.
Therefore, many are in no hurry to visit the doctor, and the alarm is already starting to sound when the blue are visible on the skin, spoiling the appearance of the legs.
You can learn more about the symptoms of varicose veins at an early stage here.
The reasons for the development of this pathology are the most diverse. They can include both congenital pathologies of the vascular system and some provoking factors: sedentary lifestyle, excess weight, uncomfortable shoes, professional activities associated with a long stay on the legs.
Treatment of the disease is always carried out comprehensively. The necessary scheme is selected by a specialist on the basis of the stage of development of the disease and the individual characteristics of the body.
Which doctor treats veins?
Varicose veins are not just expanded veins, but also serious valve disorders and a blood circulation failure, which leads to severe complications throughout the body.And if the first symptoms appeared-swelling of the veins, muscle cramp, constant heaviness in the legs-it is worth immediately making an appointment with a phlebologist.
Based on the severity of the case, the causes of the disease and state of health, the doctor will select the most suitable therapeutic course of the options available today.
Threatening symptoms
The main reasons that lead to the occurrence of varicose veins are: heredity, excess weight, a sedentary lifestyle, sitting or standing work, hormonal imbalance in the body.According to statistics, 40% of adult women and 20% of men have signs of varicose veins.
The diagnostics of the disease are engaged in a phlebologist, it needs to be contacted, If such symptoms appear:
- The severity in the legs, which becomes stronger by the end of the day.
- Fast fatigue of the legs during prolonged walking.
- Pain in the legs.
- The appearance of a fine vascular mesh on the legs.
- Swelling of the legs.
- Convulsions, the intensity of which increases at night.
- Itching of the skin of the lower extremities.
Gradually develops Atrophy of muscle fibers of surface veins, blood vessels lengthen, expand, become winding, nodes appear over the surface of the skin appear on them.The skin over the dilated veins becomes cyanisous red, dry and hot, sores appear due to a violation of tissue nutrition.
Due to dystrophic changes in the subcutaneous fat, lipermatosclerosis is difficult to develop-a dangerous complication of the expansion of veins on the legs, the treatment of which can be unsuccessful with conservative methods.
To avoid the severe consequences of varicose veins, phlebologists advise their patients Start treatment in timeWhen the first signs of the disease appear.
Treatment methods
High effectiveness is characterized by sclerosis, which consists in introducing a special sclerosant substance into the vessels with a syringe with a finest needle.Venous gaps are delayed, the edges of the tears are soldered, thereby stopping the seeping of blood outside the vessels.The very substance, having fulfilled its function, is absorbed.
This method eliminates all defects and gives an excellent cosmetic result.But after the procedure, it is necessary to maintain the state of veins with additional therapy and wear compression clothing.
Almost 10 years ago, in medicine, they began to very successfully use a laser, or rather endeno -based laser coagulation to combat varicose veins.The veins are treated as follows:
- Using local anesthesia, a small puncture is made in Vienna.
- A luminary is introduced into the resulting hole.
- The laser has an effect on damaged areas, pushing damage.
- After a new fabric appears in a sealed place.
The operation is not “blind” - the process is observed through the ultrasound apparatus, so there is practically no risk of failure.In addition, the absence of significant cuts excludes pain, the formation of hemorrhages, violation of neighboring tissues.
After the procedure, it is worth bandaging areas that have undergone operations, or wear compression stockings and tights.
Often use the methodology of radio frequency ablation, and high -frequency current successfully treats varicose veins.This happens as follows:
- Vienna is pierced.
- A catheter is inserted into the hole.
- Through it, radiation enters the vessel.
- The conductor acts at the molecular level, changing the protein molecules of the damaged vein.
The method allows you to quickly treat all venous nodes, and special postoperative therapy is not required.
Ways to treat varicose veins
There are two of them: conservative and surgical.The patient faces the current question: how to treat varicose veins on the legs, dispensing with surgery.When choosing a method, the doctor takes into account the signs, the stage of the disease, the presence of complications, concomitant diseases, the patient's age.Non -operational methods for eliminating varicose veins of the lower extremities give good results only when the symptoms of pathology are still weak.
To suspend the degradation of the affected vessels help:
- drug therapy;
- compression treatment;
- physiotherapy physical education;
- physiotherapy;
- massage;
- traditional medicine recipes;
- diet.
Flabologists are trying to choose for patients during pregnancy exclusively non-drug treatment for varicose veins of the veins of the lower extremities.First of all, these are compression linen, gymnastic exercises, physiotherapy, massage, diet.If medicines are still needed, only medications for external use are prescribed.
Disputes do not cease to go, whether hirudotherapy helps with varicose veins.Girudin produced by leeches, penetrating into the venous system of the lower extremities, liquefies thickened blood.However, today there are many modern drugs with the same property.In addition, there are risk factors for leeches - vascular infection, allergic reactions.
If necessary, the treatment of varicose veins is carried out using radical methods.This:
- sclerotherapy;
- ozone therapy;
- cryotherapy;
- electrocoagulation;
- laser coagulation;
- Surgical intervention.
Sclerotherapy is an injection in a sick vein of the drug, which “glues” an expanded vessel.He stops pumping blood and gradually resolves.The maximum effectiveness of sclerotherapy is achieved at an early stage of pathology.A similar method is ozone therapy: a portion of this gas is introduced into the lumen of small veins, and the vessels are also “glued”.
During the course of cryotherapy procedures, cold is used.With electrocoagulation through a very thin electrode, high -frequency current is supplied to the vessels.The treatment of varicose veins with a laser is also an effective modern method, especially when used in combinations with conservative methods.At the same time, the cosmetic result is high: after a few weeks, the patient has no scars or scars.
However, surgical removal is the most effective treatment that allows you to radically get rid of varicose expansion, when drug therapy does not lead to the desired result.Sick vessels are removed through local subcutaneous cuts.After surgical intervention, the leg is hardly bandaged, and after three to four hours the patient can walk.
Principles of drug treatment of varicose veins
Effective treatment of varicose veins is possible only if the selected drugs prevent the mechanisms of the development of pathology, the destruction of bloody walls and valves.
The main tasks of drug treatment of varicose veins are:
- restoration of blood circulation;
- strengthening of venous walls;
- increasing the tone of blood vessels;
- decrease in blood viscosity;
- prevention of thrombosis;
- normalization of the valve system;
- elimination of inflammatory processes;
- Normalization of blood circulation in capillaries.
Drugs are indispensable in the complex treatment of the disease.
They are also widely used for preventive purposes, which is especially important for people who are at risk of developing pathology.
Today, drugs for the treatment of varicose veins on the legs are a large amount and all of them are different in composition and mechanism of exposure.
For an appointment with a doctor
Varicose veins - a serious diseasewhich, with improper treatment or its absence, can threaten various complications that are dangerous to human health and life.
Reference.Thromboembolism of vital vessels, thrombophlebitis, trophic ulcers - this is far from a complete list of complications of varicose veins that pose a threat to humans.
In this regard, you should not even make attempts of self -medication.
Home experiments with the selection of drugs can either aggravate the situation or be inappropriate.
In any case, it is lost time, health and means.
Therefore, you should contact a phlebologist.Only a specialist will be able to correctly choose the drugs and build a treatment regimen so as to extract maximum benefits for the patient.
What drugs are used
The complex treatment of varicose veins is to use several groups of drugs at once:
- Phlebotonics.
- Anticoagulants.
- Anti -inflammatory.
- Fibrinolytics.
Also, to enhance the therapeutic effect, they use systems of system and local influence.
Creams, gels, ointments are used as local effects.Choosing drugs for varicose veins and thrombophlebitis, it should be borne in mind that exactly The tool in the form of ointment is characterized by the highest content of the active component.
Important! A common contraindication for all local funds is a violation of the integrity of the skin.
As a rule, such medications are used several times a day, and the drug should be rubbed with light movements in the direction from the bottom up.
Groups of drugs and their effect
With venous varicose veins, medicinal substances are classified according to the type of effect on Three main groups:
- venotonic or phlebotropic agents;
- hemorroding drugs (anticoagulants) and medicines that inhibit platelets (antiplatelets);
- Anti -inflammatory drugs.
Studies and medical practice have proven the effectiveness of phlebotonics developed on the basis of natural flavonoids - Diosmine and Hesperid.These substances do not just protect veins, but stimulate the outflow of lymph and stabilize the work of capillaries.The simultaneous intake of combined drugs in which there are both flavonoids is especially effective.
Most often phlebotropic agents Accept from 2 to 3 months in courses.It is important that the reception coincides with the hot season, when the load on the vessels increases due to the high air temperature and the use of large volumes of water.If varicose veins are accompanied by chronic venous deficiency, phlebotonics are constantly taken in a half dose.
Patient with a diagnosis of varicose veins From the very beginning it should receive systematic treatmentto prevent the development of the disease and reduce the likelihood of complications.
The second problem is solved by drugs that thinning blood (anticoagulants) and improve its fluid properties, preventing the formation of thrombotic clots (antiplatelets).
The formation of blood clots, their separation from the vascular wall and movement along the venous channel leads to the overlap of the vessels of the heart, lungs and brain of a person.As a result of this, the probability of developing a heart attack, pulmonary embolism and ischemic stroke is very high.
Antiplans are not a medicine for varicose veins, but are used as a means for the prevention of its serious complications - thrombosis and thrombophlebitis.We can say that these medicines save the patient and minimize the threat of disability.
Operation
The removal of damaged veins of the lower extremities or their parts is carried out through incisions or punctures.The elimination of sick vessels in the clinic is necessary if:
- veins on the legs are pathologically enlarged;
- The skin is affected;
- trophic ulcers appeared;
- thrombophlebitis worsened.
Surgical treatment of varicose veins of the legs is contraindicated:
- in severe hypertension, coronary disease, infectious diseases, eczema;
- if the patient has already reached an advanced age;
- during pregnancy (term over 5 months).
Additional therapy
In addition to drug and surgical treatment, additional therapy is of considerable importance, including a number of measures to bring veins into a normal state:
- The wrapping has a relaxing effect, eliminates the feeling of severity in the legs.When acquiring the necessary means, it is worth remembering that hot wraps for varicose veins are contraindicated.
- Foot baths are another way to help remove the load from the legs.Using therapeutic herbs and oils, you can strengthen the vessels, get rid of swelling and redness.But the effect will be only with the daily use of the method.
- Contrast shower.10 seconds of cold dousing and 30 seconds of warm (hot water is better to avoid) for 5-7 minutes every morning will help keep the veins in good shape.For these purposes, you can use the shower of Alekseev or Charcot.
Often, phlebologists in complex treatment include physiotherapy - laser, magnetotherapy, electrophoresis.
They do not cause discomfort and pain, inexpensive and quite effective.In addition, treatment occurs under the supervision of medical workers.The main condition is a regular visit to the office.
The physiotherapeutic effect fruitfully affects the condition of the venous walls, muscle tissue and valves.
Compression therapy is an important component of not only treatment, but also prevention, and the postoperative period.The use of bandages will avoid stagnant processes, support damaged vessels, suspend the progression of the disease.
The imposition of bandages requires certain knowledge and dexterity, since excessive tugs can lead to a deterioration in the condition, and weak bandaging will not give the proper effect.Therefore, for the correct use of bandages, it is worth getting a doctor’s consultation.
Massage with varicose veins is not allowed in all cases, so only a doctor can say whether it should be used in a particular case or not.If the method is selected correctly, then after the first session you can feel the result.This method can lead to an improvement in blood microcirculation, relieve the main signs of the disease, including external ones.
The more neglected the disease, the more difficult it is to deal with it, and sometimes patients turn too late, and then only one way out is a phlebectomy.To prevent this from happening, you should not wait for complications, but get timely qualified assistance.
Conservative method
Flebologologists in the treatment of varicose veins seek without traumatic operations that are not needed in the early stages of the disease.For example, this is characteristic of the reticular expansion of veins, the manifestation of which is limited only by blue venous nets.Preparations help to improve the condition of the valves and walls of blood vessels.Men, like women, should wear compression knitwear.The pathology cannot be completely cured.However, conservative methods suspend the development of varicose veins and protect against complications.
Gymnastics
How to remove the veins on the legs, performing exercises of physiotherapy exercises, LFK experts know.This is possible provided that charging, which improves blood flow in the legs, is done systematically.For example:
- In a standing position, heels of the legs are vigorously lifted vigorously.
- In the same position, standing slowly rises to the socks and just as slowly fall.
- Sitting on a chair, rolling the feet back and forth a small ball on the floor.
Wearing special underwear
Doctors recommend combining drug treatment of varicose veins with compression linen - these are products from a special type of knitwear that exert pressure (compression) on the veins.The degree of pressure of linen on the walls of the vessels can be adjusted by purchasing products with varying degrees of compression.
In total, there are four degrees of compression: the first is used for prevention, the rest is for treatment.With varicose veins of the lower extremities, tights, stockings, golfs and leggings are worn, the doctor selects the desired degree of compression.
Compression underwear creates a dense pressing frame on the legs, Thanks to this, such effects develop:
- Weakened leg muscles are supported.
- The walls of blood vessels are compressed, which prevents their stretching.
- Lymph flow and blood circulation are stimulated.
- Content phenomena are eliminated.
- The work of venous valves is normalized.
- The load on expanded veins is reduced.
- The development of thrombophlebitis is prevented.
Mandatory wearing compression knitwear after surgery for varicose veins.Lingerie helps to prevent relapse of the disease, creates additional support for the body in the rehabilitation period.
Compression sclerotherapy
Compression sclerotherapy is a modern technique for treating varicose veins, which consists in the injection of drugs into affected veins.As a result, sclerosis (gluing) of the venous walls occurs, the blood flow at the place of administration of the drug ceases, and the vein gradually resolves or leaves behind a barely noticeable burden, which absolutely does not bother the patient.
Most often, sclerotherapy is carried out with the appearance of vascular stars when varicose veins are in the initial stage.With the progressive development of varicose veins, treatment with sclerotherapy is carried out after analyzing the condition of the venous valves and walls of blood vessels, the functional features of the patient’s circulatory system.
If a decision has been made to conduct compression sclerotherapy, the patient passes a blood test for coagulation, an ultrasound examination of the veins undergoes.When performing sclerotherapy, the patient does not experience pain, as the drug is administered into a vein using the finest needle.After the procedure is completed, a sterile bandage is applied to the area of administration of the drug, the patient puts on compression underwear.The first week after sclerotherapy, compression knitwear must be worn around the clock, then it is allowed to remove it overnight.
Positive results of sclerotherapy:
- Restoring effective blood flow.
- The exclusion of blood clots in the damaged vein.
- Prevention of trophic disorders in the tissues.
- Elimination of clinical symptoms of varicose veins: edema, seizures, pain.
- An excellent cosmetic effect due to the fact that the swollen veins completely disappear.
Diet
For a more effective treatment of varicose veins of the legs, it is important to properly organize nutrition.Berries, apples, citrus fruits that contain flavonoids, antioxidants, and routine helps improve the state of blood vessels.Blood liquefaction provides daily intake of a sufficient amount of fluid (1.5-2 l).Diet for varicose veins on the legs is incompatible with fatty, fried dishes, acute spices, alcohol.
Folk remedies
The treatment of varicose veins with folk remedies at home in the summer is especially effective.Such recipes are popular:
- 15-20-minute legs compresses with tomato paste.It has a high content of lycopine, which actively strengthens the vessels and prevents the formation of blood clots.At the same time, there are fresh tomatoes daily.
- Infusion of Donnik, grass, indispensable for varicose veins: Art.l.Raw materials are brewed with two glasses of boiling water, kept to cool, filtered.They drink half a glass daily 3 times, the rest is used as lotions.
What can not be done
In the diagnosis of varicose veins, it has to be taken into account with a lifestyle, nutrition and sports. Not allowed:
- active physical exertion, running, jumping (yoga classes are allowed);
- long standing or prolonged position sitting;
- the use of all drugs without consulting a phlebologist;
- Long flights with a forced motionless position of the legs.In addition, at high altitudes there is a sharp thickening of blood, which leads to the formation of blood clots;
- accepting hot baths, visiting the sauna;
- Bannous and honey massage is strictly prohibited, only a manual type of medical massage is allowed.
Possible complications
Trophic ulcers - The form of complication for varicose veins, which manifests itself in the development and deepening of a long -standing sore sore.Typically, a separate painful ulcer occurs on the lower leg, inside of which “weeping” is often observed in the form of a serous bloody liquid that covers the affected tissues.
Urgent medical help
Immediately a doctor is required when the following symptoms appear:
- Strengthening pain in the affected limb, the inability to get out of bed or take a few steps;
- The skin on the leg is hot, edematous and dense to the touch.
- The color of the skin changes from pale to cyanotic or bluish red;
- Sudden shortness of breath, lack of air, sweating and sharp weakness;
- Bleeding from a area of affected skin or varicose node.
The necessary drugs for varicose veins of the lower extremities must be present in the complex treatment. Even after surgery, several courses of taking phlebotonic and anti -agricultural agents will be required In order to prevent possible trophic disorders, inflammations and complications against the background of the disease.
Many multicomponent preparations against varicose veins act combined, have several functions.The effectiveness of such drugs is more pronounced. It is optimal to use treatment with courses in the correct dosage calculated by a phlebologist, combined with compression therapy, yoga, swimming in the pool, herbal medicine.
Conclusion
The complex treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities involves the use of various therapeutic techniques.
Along with drug treatment, physiotherapeutic procedures, special exercises, massage, etc. are prescribed.